The Open Door Web Site
Waves

The Doppler Effect

The diagram below represents waves emitted by a source of sound, S, which is stationary relative to the air.
The velocity of the sound waves relative to the air is v.

The next diagram represents waves emitted by a source which is moving (with velocity vs) relative to the air.

Motion of the source produces a change in the wavelength, shorter wavelength in front of source, longer wavelength behind.

Motion of the observer produces a change in the apparent frequency of the waves.

© David Hoult 2008