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Investigation : Making a Motion Detector

Part 1 The relationship between the movement of an object and voltage

Materials

  • TI Graphing Calculator with DataMate program installed
    CBL2 interface
  • Voltage probe,
  • Tank with copper electrodes,
  • 0.1 mol dm-3 Copper (II) Sulphate solution
  • 2 cables,
  • 2 crocodile clips,
  • 4.5V battery,
  • Copper metal point

Starting the DataMate Program and setting up

  1. Use the following steps to start the DataMate program on your calculator:
    Press , then press the calculator key for the number that precedes DATAMATE. Press . An introductory screen will appear, followed by the main screen.
     
  2. Plug the Voltage Probe into channel CH 1 on the CBL2 interface.
  3. Start the DataMate program. Press to reset the program. DataMate will detect the auto-ID sensor, set the data collection parameters, and display the current sensor reading.
  4. Press : SETUP and using the cursor buttons, or (be patient it’s a bit sluggish!)
    select MODE press (scroll up to get to the last item on the menu).
     
  5. In the SELECT MODE menu choose : EVENTS WITH ENTRY.

Press : OK to return to the main screen.

Collecting data

  1. Set up the following circuit to investigate the relationship between distance of the copper point from the electrodes (d) and the voltage (V).

  1. Select : START to begin data collection. Press to record your first measurement. Then enter the distance 1. Press again.

  2. Move the point to 2cm and press Then type in the distance 2. Press again and you will find the calculator producing an autoscaled scattergram of the measurements.

  3. Continue to take measurements across the tank of copper (II) sulphate.
     
  4. You may stop data collection at any time by pressing the key

  5. Store your data and rename the lists L1 and L2.

Analysing the data

  1. Describe the overall shape of the line set out by the scattered points on the graph. (Is it linear or curved? Which way does the trend go?)
  2. Use the cursor keys or to examine the data points.
  3. Determine the relationship between the distance of the copper point from the electrode and the voltage.
     

d = cV

Where:

  • d is distance in cm
  • V is volts
  • c is a constant

Set up the following circuit to investigate the relationship between distance of the copper point from the electrodes (d) and the voltage (V).

Part 2 Movement in two directions

Materials

  • TI Graphing Calculator with DataMate program installed
    Lab Pro or CBL2 interface
  • Voltage probe,
  • Tank with copper electrodes,
  • 0.1 mol dm-3 Copper (II) sulphate solution
  • 4 cables,
  • 2 crocodile clips,
  • 4.5V battery,
  • Copper metal point
  • Rheostat

Setting up the DataMate Program

Select the same mode as before 3: Events with entry.

Collecting data
  1. Set up the circuit opposite to investigate the relationship between distance of the copper point from the electrodes and the voltage.

  2. Set the copper point in the middle of the tank between the two copper electrodes. Adjust the rheostat so that the voltage on the calculator reads 0 volts, or as close to it as possible.

  1. Select : START to begin data collection. Press to record your first measurement. Then enter the distance 0. Press again.

  2. Move the point 1cm to the right and press . Then type in the distance 1. Press again and the calculator will start to produce an autoscaled scattergram of the measurements.

  3. Continue to take measurements across the tank of copper (II) sulphate. When you move the point to the left of centre enter negative values.

  4. Stop data collection by pressing the key. Store your data and rename the lists L1 and L2.

Analysing the data

  1. Describe the overall shape of the line set out by the scattered points on the graph. Did you get the same trend as the first time?
  2. Use the cursor keys or to examine the data points.
  3. Is the relationship between the distance of the copper point from the electrode and the voltage the same?.

d = cV

You have just made a probe capable of detecting the position of an object.

Part 3 Using the probe to study an oscillation

  1. Set up the following apparatus.
     



  2. Pull on the mass and let go to make the system oscillate. Using a stop watch time 5 oscillations and estimate the period of one oscillation.

  3. Change the mass and try again.

  4. Change the spring and try again.

  5. Design a method to use your motion detector to determine the period of the oscillation of different springs with different masses.
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updated on 06/01/08
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©  Jacques Gachignard and Paul Billiet 2008